Gusubirira amayunguruzo y'amazi Impanuro zo kugura: Gushira imbere ukuyungurura n'ukuntu bimeze neza
Imenyekanisha
Ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji birimwo ibintu vyinshi bihambaye, kandi ibikoresho vyo gukonjesha amazi mu biro canke uburyo bwo kuyungurura mu bibanza vy'akaruhuko akenshi biguma ari vyo bihambaye gushika aho ibintu bitari vyo bishitse. Guhitamwo akayunguruzo k’amazi kabereye ko gusubirira ni ikintu kirenze igikorwa co gusanasana ibikoresho-ni ugushiramwo amahera mu buzima bw’umugwi, umusaruro, n’umurongo w’inyuma w’ishirahamwe. Amahitamwo mabi arashobora gutuma amazi agira uburyo butari bwiza, ingorane zo kuyabungabunga kenshi, n’amahera atari yitezwe.
Igice ca 1: Gushira imbere ibikorwa vyo kuyungurura – Kumenya ibihumanya bigenewe
Igikorwa nyamukuru c’akayunguruzo k’amazi ni ugukuraho ibintu bihumanye, ariko ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura buratandukanye cane ku bicuruzwa. Gutahura igihimba c’amazi n’ivyo akeneye vyihariye vyo kuyungurura ni ngombwa imbere y’uko ugura. Intambwe ya 1: Menya amazi akomoka. Abatanga amazi mu mihana baratanga buri mwaka Raporo z’Ukwizigira Abaguzi (CCR) zidondora neza ibintu bihumanya amazi yo mu karere; at-ibikoresho vyo gupima muhira bitanga inyishu yihuse. Ivyiyumviro bikunze gutera ni chlorine & chloramines (bigira ico bikoze ku kuryohera no ku mpumuro), ibisigazwa (umusenyi, ivu, umugese), ivyuma biremerera (amabuye y’agaciro, mercury, umuringa), n’ibintu bishobora guhungabana (VOCs) biva mu bikorwa vy’inganda. Intambwe ya 2: Guhuza ubuhinga bwo kuyungurura n’ibintu bihumanya. Igihe ibintu bihumanya bimaze kumenyekana, uhitemwo ubuhinga bwemejwe n’amashirahamwe yizewe nka NSF International. Inyigisho ngirakamaro ni iyi: ku bijanye n’uburyohe bubi n’umunuko mubi biterwa na klorine, ni vyiza gukoresha amayunguruzo y’ivyuma vy’umuyagankuba bihuye n’ivyo NSF/ANSI 42 ikora; ku bikoko n’ibice, ivyuma biyungurura ibikoko vyubahiriza NSF/ANSI 42 birakora neza; ku bintu vyihariye bihumanya ubuzima nk’amabuye y’agaciro, VOCs, n’imiti yica udukoko, amabuye y’agaciro yitwa carbone active, carbone catalytique, canke reverse osmose (RO) ahuye n’itegeko rya NSF/ANSI 53 ni vyiza; ku bintu bikomeye bivuye mu mazi (TDS), utugingo ngengabuzima tw’uguhindura amazi (RO) twifatanya na NSF/ANSI 58 ni two twiza cane. Iciyumviro nyamukuru co gufata ni ukwirinda "ibiyunguruzo vy'amazi" rusangi no gushiramwo amafaranga y'ibikoresho vy'amazi vyagenewe canecane gutera ubuhumane bujanye n'aho umuntu ari n'ivyo akeneye, kugira ngo abakozi n'abashitsi bashobore kugira amagara meza n'umutekano.
Igice ca 2: Gutuma ibikorwa bigenda neza – Gutunganya neza
Ku bigo bitobito-kugeza kuri-biciye hagati (SMEs), gukoresha neza umwanya biragira ingaruka ku nyungu. Ivyunyuro vy'ubushobozi bwinshi-bisaba gushirwaho kw'abahinga bikomeye, iminota 30- buri mezi atandatu ntibigira ubushobozi bwo gukora; inyishu zigabanya igihe co guhagarara n’abakozi ni ngirakamaro. Ikintu ca mbere: Biroroshe gushiramwo no gusubirira. Hitamwo uburyo bwo kuyungurura bushobora gukoreshwa, nk'ubwo bufise amahuzu y'ugusunika-na-uguhindura (kwihuta-guhindura)-ivyo bifatwa nk'ingingo ngenderwako y'inzahabu kugira ngo bibe vyiza, ntibisaba ibikoresho, birinda gutera umuvurungano, kandi bikuraho urujijo. Ibintu bikwiye kandi kubamwo amabwirizwa atomoye kandi aboneka. Ikindi, pima ubucuruzi-offs hagati y'ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga n'ivy'ubuhinga: uburyo bukoresha amayunguruzo y'ubunini busanzwe- (nk'akarorero, inzu z'inci 10{22}}inch) zitanga uguhinduranya kw'ibara, mu gihe imigero y'ubuhinga ifunga abakoresha mu muhinguzi umwe. Rimbura ukuntu uburyo bwo gukoresha bumeze neza mu ntango ugereranije n’igiciro c’igihe kirekire-ubushobozi n’uguhinduranya amahitamwo y’isi yose. Ikintu ca 2: Ubuzima bw'akayunguruzo n'igiciro-ku -galoni. Ivyunyuro bihendutse bisaba gusubirwamwo buri mezi atatu bishobora kugaragara ko bizimvye cane mu gihe c’igihe kuruta ivyunyuro vy’agaciro bimara umwaka wose. Suzuma ubushobozi bwa galoni n'igihe -bishingiye ku buzima (nk'akarorero, amezi 6) vy'ibiyunguruzo, hanyuma ubare igiciro-ku -galoni ukoresheje uburyo: (Igiciro c'Iyunguruzo) / (Ubushobozi bwose bw'Igaloni)=Igiciro-Ku-Galoni kugira ngo ugereranye ibigereranyo objective Ubuzima buramba buragabanya incuro umuntu agura, bukagabanya utwigoro two gucunga ibikoresho, kandi bukagabanya ingorane zo gutakaza ivyo asubirizwa. Ikintu ca 3: Ukuboneka n’ukwizigirwa kw’uruhererekane rw’ugutanga. Gucererwa mu kuronka abasubirira bihambaye (nk’akarorero, amategeko y’inyuma y’indwi 8) birahungabanya ibikorwa. Kwifatanya n’ibimenyetso vy’icubahiro bifise uruhererekane rw’ugutanga ibikoresho rwizigirwa; abagurisha benshi baratanga ubuhinga bwo kwiyandikisha buca burungika amayunguruzo mashasha imbere y’uko bikenewe, bikaba bituma bishoboka kandi bikabuza gusubirizwa.
Urutonde rw'ibintu vy'umuguzi w'ubwenge: Ukuyungurura bihuye n'ivyo bibereye
Imbere yo guheza ugugura, wuzuze urutonde rukurikira: 1. Iyunguruzo ryagenzuwe: Iyunguruzo yoba ifise icemezo ca NSF/ANSI (Ivyagezwe 42, 53, canke 58) ku bintu vyihariye bihumanye bisaba gukurwaho? 2. Uguhuza kwemejwe: Mbega inomero y’umuderi ihuye neza na neza n’uburyo buhari? (Raba igitabu canke inzu y'akayunguruzo ya kera) 3. Inguvu zo gushiramwo zasuzumwe: Mbega akayunguruzo karafise ubuhinga bwo guhindura vuba-? Mbega ibikoresho bikenewe biraboneka nimba bitaboneka? 4. Igihe c’ubuzima & agaciro kaharuwe: Mbega igiciro-ku-galoni caragereranywa n’izindi nzira zibereye? 5. Uruhererekane rw’ugutanga ibikoresho ruratekanye: Mbega akayunguruzo kava ku kimenyetso kizwi cane-gifise ibikoresho vyoroshe kuronka? Mbega hariho uburyo bwo kwiyandikisha?
